Kunaferi, glossed as 'Grandfather Fish-Poison', is a primordial being associated with the fish-stunning vine used across the Içana and Guainía rivers, and his name is bound up with the collective self-designation Wakuénai carried by the northern Arawak. As owner of the poison he stands behind one of the principal techniques of Baniwa subsistence fishing, a figure of the deep ancestral past whose grant of fish-poison sustains the living.