Po Nagar, the 'Lady Mother of the Realm', is the great mother-goddess of Champa and the most enduring figure of Cham religion. The Sanskrit and Old Cham inscriptions of her Kauthara sanctuary above the Cái river at Nha Trang identify her with Bhagavatī, a form of Umā-Devī and consort of Śiva; a temple already stood there by the eighth century, when King Satyavarman restored it after Javanese raiders had carried off its image. In the living tradition she becomes Po Inâ Nâgar, the black-complexioned 'Muk Juk', who emerged from cloud and sea-foam, taught humankind rice cultivation and weaving, and in a widely told legend married a prince of the North and bore children before returning to her land. Vietnamese settlers absorbed her cult under the name Thiên Y A Na. Sources differ on whether her Kauthara identity and the northern Amaravati Śaiva cult were ever theologically one, but across a millennium she has remained the sovereign guardian of Cham soil.