Baduhenna

Continental Germanic · deity · Continental Germanic religion under Rome (1st c. BCE – 3rd c. CE) · deity

Baduhenna is a goddess of the Frisii, attested only in Tacitus, Annals 4.73. In 28 CE, during the Frisian revolt against Roman taxation, a Roman relief column was cut to pieces 'in the wood called the grove of Baduhenna' (lucus quem Baduhennae vocant), where about nine hundred men perished fighting until the following day. The name is generally analysed as containing Proto-Germanic *baðwō 'battle' plus the -henae suffix characteristic of the Matronae inscriptions of the Rhineland, which has led scholars to interpret her as a war-associated mother-goddess. Her cult thus joins the well-attested Germanic practice of dedicating groves to deities, here one bound up with battle and slaughter.

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