Molu is the single high god of Fur religion, a sky-dwelling creator and giver of life and rain recorded among the cultivators of the Jebel Marra massif by the earliest European observers of the Fur. Beneath Molu stands a populous order of unnamed nature-spirits, collectively the ab-spirits, which inhabit particular trees, springs, wells and stretches of wild country and which are addressed with small offerings and protective charms. The most consequential public cult was directed at rain: at the opening of the agricultural season priests and elders performed ceremonies at sacred trees and stones, calling on Molu and on the ancestral dead to release the seasonal downpours over the mountains. Centuries of Islamization have not erased this frame so much as recoded it; the name of Allah is now spoken where Molu once was, the ancestral guardians of springs have become the saints of local shrines, and rain-rites persist as agricultural festivals. Sources differ on how far the older theology survived independent of Islam by the time it was first written down, but the figure of a single overarching god above a graded world of place-bound spirits is consistently reported.