The kontuossi, spirits of the bush

Lobi · numen · Lobi traditional religion; continuing · numen

The kontuossi are the spirits of the uncultivated bush, the lowest of the unseen ranks in the tiered Lobi cosmos. Below the creator Thangba Yu sit the tutelary thila, and below the thila come these bush spirits, beneath whom in turn stands the human world. They belong to the wild land outside the compound and its fields — the forest, the fallow, the watercourses — which the Lobi treat as a domain dense with presence and not wholly safe. Recorded by ethnographers in the variant spellings kontuossi and kontuorsi, they are conceived collectively rather than as named individuals, and they complete the descending hierarchy that links the remote sky-god to the everyday life of the living.

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