33rd king of the Kassite (3rd) dynasty of Babylon (r. 1186-1172 BCE). The last Kassite king to bear a wholly Kassite name. His reign provides the **critical chronological synchronization point for the entire ancient Near East** — his death in 1172 BCE is the anchor that ties together Egyptian, Hittite, Assyrian, and Babylonian chronologies. **1172 BCE corresponds to the year of his death**, making him the last late-Bronze-Age figure of his generation alive on the calendar-day of 1172 BCE, expiring later in the same year. Married his eldest daughter to Shutruk-Naḫḫunte of Elam — the marriage that gave Elam its later claim to the Babylonian throne and led to the Elamite conquest of Babylon a generation later.