i Ndara
Pamona · deity · Pamona traditional religion; continuing · Recorded classification
i Ndara is the goddess of the Underworld and the earth, the female counterpart of the sky-god Lai. As the lower half of the cosmic pair she governs the ground and the realm beneath, and shares in the endowment of the human soul, the tanoana that quickens the bodies fashioned by Pue mPalaburu. In ritual invocation her name is habitually coupled with Lai's, the two named together as the powers above and below.
Domains
- underworld
- earth
Powers
- rules the Underworld and the earth beneath
- provides the chthonic share of the human life-soul
Epithets
- i Ndara — the Lady BelowR. E. Downs, The Religion of the Bare'e-speaking Toradja of Central Celebes (1956) (secondary)
Relations
- spouse: i LaiFemale earth-power paired with the male sky-power above.R. E. Downs, The Religion of the Bare'e-speaking Toradja of Central Celebes (1956), the divine pair (secondary)
- ally: Pue mPalaburuN. Adriani & Alb. C. Kruyt, De Bare'e-sprekende Toradja van Midden-Celebes (1912–1914/1950) (primary)
Sources
- i Ndara is the female deity of the Underworld and earth, counterpart of the sky-god Lai and co-source of the human soul: R. E. Downs, The Religion of the Bare'e-speaking Toradja of Central Celebes (1956) (secondary); N. Adriani & Alb. C. Kruyt, De Bare'e-sprekende Toradja van Midden-Celebes (1912–1914/1950) (primary)