Almaqah

National god of Saba, 'Lord of Awwam' at the Marib temple; protector of irrigation, now read as a bull-and-vine solar god, consort of Shams.

Domains

• supreme sky
• agriculture

Powers

• Protect the irrigation works of Saba
• Reign as male consort to the sun-goddess Shams

Epithets

• lord of Awwam latin · Almaqah · cultThe national god of Sabaʼ (Sheba), master of the great Awwam temple at MaribSabaean inscriptions (the Mahram Bilqis / Awwam temple) (primary)
• Thahwan Sabaean · Thahwan · cultepithet of Almaqah, Lord of AwwamAwwam temple inscriptions, Marib (primary)
• Ba'al Awam Sabaean · Baal Awam · cultLord of Awwam (the Marib temple)Sabaean inscriptions of the Awwam temple (primary)

Relations

• spouse: ShamsThe Sabaean national god and the sun-goddess Shams, dynastic patroness, are paired as consorts in the classic reading of the South Arabian triad.J. Ryckmans, 'The Old South Arabian Religion', in W. Daum (ed.), Yemen: 3000 Years of Art and Civilisation in Arabia Felix (1988) (secondary)

Sources

• existence: Awwam Temple (Mahram Bilqis) and Marib inscriptions (primary); Britannica, Arabian religion; Pirenne–Garbini studies (secondary)