Mortal 5th king of the Akkadian Empire (~2217-2193 BCE per the canonical middle-chronology; ~2223-2198 BCE per the Met Museum chronology); son of Naram-Sin; great-grandson of Sargon. The last great king of the Sargonic dynasty before the empire's collapse. His name "Šar-kali-šarri" — "King of all kings" — is itself a regnal-claim assumed at coronation, encoding the canonical-Akkadian Naram-Sin "King of the Four Quarters" universalist-imperial title-tradition into the throne-name. Like all his Akkadian predecessors, his reign began with extensive efforts to suppress revolts. His reign featured almost-continual warfare against three external pressures: the Elamites to the east, the Amorites encroaching from the western desert, and the Gutians invading from the Zagros Mountains — the canonical three-front strategic-pressure pattern that he was unable to durably resolve and that ultimately precipitated the empire's collapse. His most-attested building project: the reconstruction of the Temple of Enlil at Nippur — the canonical-Sumerian sacred-center of kingship-legitimation. Per the canonical-Sumerian literary tradition, the events of his reign (the empire's collapse, the Gutian invasion, the famine) merged with the earlier Naram-Sin period to form the basis of the Curse of Agade — the canonical-foundational Mesopotamian narrative of imperial-collapse-as-divine-punishment. Died c. 2193 BCE; the empire collapsed after his reign into the canonical-Sumerian-King-List tetrad-anarchy period (Igigi, Nanum, Imi, Ilulu — four rival kings reigning in mutual rivalry over three years, 2192-2168 BCE). Ephemeral kings Dudu and Shu-turul briefly maintained vestiges of Akkadian authority before the dynasty's final extinction at the Gutian conquest in 2154 BCE. The canonical 1883 British Museum mace-head originally misidentified as Sargon's was corrected in the 1910s as Šar-kali-šarri's — the "Šar-Gani-sharri" identification revealed him as Sargon's great-grandson rather than Sargon himself.