Bathala

Tagalog · deity · primordial · deity

Pre-Hispanic Tagalog supreme being and creator. Resided in Kaluwalhatian; controlled thunder, lightning, flood, fire, and earthquakes; communicated with mortals through the omen-bird tigmamanukan and through anito-spirit intermediaries. The Sanskritic etymology (Bhaṭṭāra) attests to the Indianization of pre-Hispanic Tagalog religion. Father (by an unnamed mortal woman who died at their birth) of the three daughter-demigods Mayari, Hanan, and Tala — the Mongán-pattern divine-paternity tradition that makes the three daughters the canonical Tagalog demigod-figures. Other children — Apolaki (sun-god, in some traditions), Hangin (wind), Kidlat (lightning), and others — are deity-tier rather than demigod, attributed to non-mortal mothers across the variant traditions.

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