Yellow Emperor; sage-king founder of Chinese civilization; first of the Wu Di (Five Emperors) per the Shiji canonical-historical framework. Per Sima Qian's rationalized lineage, born to Shaodian (Sovereign of the Less Tribe, mortal regional sovereign) and Fubao; older mythological strata preserve the alternate celestial-lightning-conception tradition that the registry sets aside per strict-pass conventions, treating Huangdi as mortal with parentIds=[]. Traditional dating of his accession 2697 BCE is the conventional Chinese-historical anchor for the Yellow Emperor era and the foundational point of the Chinese imperial-historical framework. Defeated Yandi at the Battle of Banquan and Chiyou at the Battle of Zhuolu, unifying the proto-Chinese tribes of the Yellow River basin. Per the Shiji and supplementary traditions, established the foundational institutions of Chinese civilization: silk production (with Leizu), writing (with Cangjie), the Chinese calendar (sexagenary cycle), Chinese medicine (Huangdi Neijing), and the canonical-historical institutions of the imperial-state. The Qiaoshan Mausoleum continues as a major modern Chinese cultural-pilgrimage site; the Qingming-Festival Yellow-Emperor commemoration is a major modern Chinese cultural-political observance.