Lord 8 Deer Jaguar Claw

Mixtec · mortal · postclassic · mortal

The most-fully-documented historical-mythological figure in pre-Conquest Mesoamerica. His 52-year biography (1063-1115 CE) is recorded across four pre-Conquest codices with extraordinary chronological precision: Codex Zouche-Nuttall devotes pages 26-84 to his life (the longest single biographical narrative in any pre-Conquest Mesoamerican manuscript); Codex Bodley, Codex Colombino-Becker, and Codex Selden cross-corroborate the dynastic chronology. The 94-conquest tally, the 1097 pilgrimage to Cholula for the Toltec turquoise-nose-piece confirmation, the 1101 conquest of Red and White Bundle (with the killing of his half-sister Lady 6 Lizard and her husband Lord 11 Wind), and the 1115 sacrifice by Lord 4 Wind together constitute the most politically-developed dynastic narrative in the codex corpus. The Cholula nose-piece episode is structurally crucial for understanding postclassic Mesoamerican political-legitimization: by traveling to the Toltec capital and receiving the imperial mark, 8 Deer asserted membership in a pan-Mesoamerican political class that connected the Mixteca to the Aztec/Mexica ascendancy via the Toltec-political-ancestry framework. His sacrificial death at the hands of Lord 4 Wind is interpreted in modern Mixtec studies (Byland & Pohl 1994; Jansen & Pérez Jiménez 2007) as the structural completion of the half-sibling-conflict arc that opened with the 1101 Red and White Bundle conquest: 4 Wind, related by marriage to the conquered Lady 6 Lizard / Lord 11 Wind line, exacted vengeance for the earlier killings. The dynasty 8 Deer founded continued under his sons through the colonial period, with the Tilantongo line surviving as a recognized indigenous-noble cacicazgo into the 17th century.

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